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軸封裝置
旋轉(zhuǎn)軸和固定殼體之間的密封稱(chēng)為軸封。其作用是防止液體從泵內(nèi)泄漏到外面，或當(dāng)泵內(nèi)壓力低于大氣壓時(shí)，防止空氣漏入泵中。盡管軸封裝置所占的位置不大，但對(duì)機(jī)器的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)十分重要,是最容易發(fā)生故障的零部件之一。最常用的軸封裝置是填料密封、機(jī)械密封和浮動(dòng)密封。設(shè)計(jì)密封裝置的要求是密封可靠，能長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，消耗功率小及適應(yīng)泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)的變
化，還要考慮到液體的性能、溫度和壓力。
1. 填料密封
圖1-64為應(yīng)用最廣泛的軟填料密封,又稱(chēng)為盤(pán)根盒密封,它用油浸石墨的石棉繩做填料,放在盤(pán)根盒(填料箱)中，由套筒和壓蓋壓緊，依靠填料的變形達(dá)到密封。用軟填料時(shí)，在填料層中間安裝一個(gè)液封環(huán)，把高壓液流引入此處,不僅能起密封作用，同時(shí)也能起潤(rùn)滑和冷卻作用。為了避免工作時(shí)填料與泵軸摩擦過(guò)于劇烈.填料的壓緊度不宜太大。
填料的種類(lèi)很多，除了石棉外，其基礎(chǔ)材料還可以是金屬合成橡膠、合成樹(shù)脂和皮革棚麻，渣漿泵廠(chǎng)家以及適于高低溫有腐蝕介質(zhì)的柔性石棉填料和適于高速高壓的碳素纖維筑料等，
Shaft seal device
The seal between the rotating shaft and the fixed housing is called the shaft seal. Its function is to prevent liquid leakage from the pump to the outside, or when the pressure in the pump is lower than atmospheric pressure, to prevent air leakage into the pump. Although the position of the shaft seal device is not large, it is very important for the normal operation of the machine, and it is one of the most prone parts to failure. The most commonly used shaft seal devices are packing seal, mechanical seal and floating seal. The requirements of the design of the sealing device are reliable sealing, long-term operation, low power consumption and adaptation to the change of pump operation state
In addition, the performance, temperature and pressure of the liquid should be considered.
1. Packing seal
Fig. 1-64 is the most widely used soft packing seal, also known as packing box seal. It uses oil-immersed graphite asbestos rope as the packing, which is placed in the packing box (packing box), compressed by the sleeve and gland, and achieved the seal by the deformation of the packing. When soft packing is used, a liquid seal ring is installed in the middle of the packing layer to introduce high-pressure liquid flow here, which can not only seal, but also lubricate and cool. In order to avoid too much friction between the packing and the pump shaft, the compactness of the packing should not be too large.
There are many kinds of fillers. In addition to asbestos, the basic materials can also be metal synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, leather shed hemp, slurry pump manufacturers, flexible asbestos fillers suitable for high and low temperature corrosive media and carbon fiber fillers suitable for high speed and high pressure,
