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渣漿泵在泵中是一個(gè)大類(lèi),其特點(diǎn)都是依靠葉輪的高速旋轉(zhuǎn)以完成其能量的轉(zhuǎn)換。由于葉輪中葉片形狀的不同，旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)水流通過(guò)葉輪受到的質(zhì)量力就不同，水流流出葉輪時(shí)的方向也就不同。根據(jù)葉輪出水的水流方向可將葉片式泵分為徑向流、軸向流和斜向流三種。徑向流的葉輪稱(chēng)為離心泵，液體質(zhì)點(diǎn)在葉輪中流動(dòng)時(shí)主要受到的是離心力作用。軸向流的葉輪稱(chēng)為軸流泵，液體質(zhì)點(diǎn)在葉輪中流動(dòng)時(shí)主要受到的是軸向升力的作用。斜向流的葉輪稱(chēng)為混流泵，它是上述兩種葉輪的過(guò)渡形式，液體質(zhì)點(diǎn)在這種泵葉輪中流動(dòng)時(shí)，既受離心力的作用，又有軸向升力的作用。
在城鎮(zhèn)及工業(yè)企業(yè)的給水排水工程中，大量使用的泵是葉片式泵，其中以離心泵最為普遍。本章將以離心泵為重點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹和說(shuō)明。
Slurry pumps are a large category in pumps, characterized by relying on the high-speed rotation of the impeller to complete its energy conversion. Due to the different shapes of the blades in the impeller, the mass force applied to the water flow through the impeller during rotation is different, and the direction in which the water flows out of the impeller is also different. According to the flow direction of the impeller outlet water, vane pumps can be divided into three types: radial flow, axial flow, and oblique flow. The radial flow impeller is called a centrifugal pump, and the liquid particles flowing in the impeller are mainly subjected to centrifugal force. The axial flow impeller is called an axial flow pump, and the main effect of liquid particles flowing in the impeller is the axial lift force. The impeller of oblique flow is called a mixed flow pump, which is a transitional form of the above two impellers. When liquid particles flow in the impeller of this pump, they are affected by both centrifugal force and axial lift force.
In water supply and drainage projects in towns and industrial enterprises, vane pumps are widely used, with centrifugal pumps being the most common. This chapter will focus on centrifugal pumps for detailed introduction and explanation.
