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渣漿泵選金礦混汞提 金法可分為哪兩種類型?
混汞可分為內(nèi)混汞和外混汞兩種類型，內(nèi)混汞是指在磨礦設(shè)備內(nèi)邊磨邊混汞提金，用于處理品位較高的礦石或重選精礦;外混汞是指在磨礦設(shè)備之外進(jìn)行混汞提金，可用于脈金選廠提前回收部分游離金。汞膏與礦漿分離后，從液態(tài)汞膏中榨出剩余的汞，固態(tài)汞膏蒸餾，即獲得黑色海綿狀金。
12混汞的影響因素 有哪些?
混汞過程中，汞對金的潤濕作用受金的粒度和單體解離程度、金與汞的成分、礦漿介質(zhì)酸堿度、礦漿濃度和溫度、礦物成分，以及混汞工藝配置、設(shè)備和操作條件等因素影響，其中主要影響因素如下。
①金的粒度和單體解離程度。金粒大小、形狀、結(jié)構(gòu)、連生體對混汞效果的影響，主要決定于金粒從包裹它的礦物中的解離程度，即磨礦粒度。混汞法作業(yè)的顯著特點(diǎn)之一，是采用較高的礦漿濃度和較大的磨礦排礦粒度。一般來說，適于混求的金粒粒度在-1mm+0. Imm,最大粒度不超過0.15mm粒度細(xì)小而又為
0.03mm以下的微細(xì)金粒易隨礦漿流失，而不易與汞板上的汞形成汞齊，使回收率下降。
②金粉的成分及表面狀態(tài)。在所有金礦床中，礦金成色高于脈金成色。而脈金中，氧化帶礦石中金的成色又高于原生帶礦石中金的成色。純金表面親汞疏水，最易被汞潤濕。但自然金往往含銀以及銅、鐵、鎳、鉛、鋅等雜質(zhì)，雜質(zhì)含量愈高，自然金粒的疏水性愈差，愈難被汞潤濕。由于新鮮金粒表面最易被汞潤濕，所以內(nèi)混汞的金回收率一般高于外混汞的金回收率。
③汞的成分及表面狀態(tài)。純汞對金的潤濕效果并不好。汞中含少量金銀及賤金屬，能降低汞的表面張力，改善潤濕效果。如果汞中含賤金屬過量，則由于這些賤金屬在汞的表面形成氧化膜，反而影響了汞對金的潤濕效果。當(dāng)汞中含金量為0.1%~0.2%時(shí)，可以加速汞對金的汞膏化過程。汞中金銀含量為0. 17%時(shí)，潤濕金的能力可以提高0.7倍;當(dāng)金銀含量達(dá)5%時(shí)便可以提高兩倍。汞中含鉛、銅和鋅不超過0.1%時(shí)，能促進(jìn)對金的潤濕;超過這一數(shù)值，在堿性介質(zhì)中，則起破壞作用。
④礦漿溫度與濃度。礦漿溫度過低，礦漿黏度大，表面張力增大，會(huì)降低汞對金粒表面的潤濕性能。適當(dāng)提高礦漿溫度可提高混汞指標(biāo)，但溫度過高將使部分汞隨和漿而流失。一般混汞作業(yè)溫度為15C以上。
混汞的前提是使金粒能與汞接觸，外混汞時(shí)的礦漿濃度不宜過大，一般應(yīng)小于10%~25% 。磨礦循環(huán)中的混汞礦漿濃變以50%左右為宜。內(nèi)混汞的礦漿濃度因條件而異，一般應(yīng)考慮磨礦效率，內(nèi)混汞礦漿濃一般高達(dá)6 0% -80%。輾盤機(jī)及搗礦機(jī)中進(jìn)行內(nèi)混汞的礦漿濃度一般為30%~50%。
⑤礦漿的酸喊度。實(shí)踐表明，在酸性介質(zhì)中或氰化物溶液(濃度為0.05%)中的混汞指標(biāo)最好，由于酸性介質(zhì)或氰化物溶液可清洗金粒表面及汞表面，可容解其上的表面氧化服。但酸性介質(zhì)無法使礦泥凝聚。無法消除礦泥、可溶鹽、機(jī)油及其他有機(jī)物的有
害影響，在堿性介質(zhì)中可改善混汞作業(yè)的條件，如用石灰作調(diào)整劑可使可溶鹽沉淀，消除油質(zhì)的不良形響，還可使礦泥凝聚，降低礦漿黏度，一般混汞在pH為8-8.5的弱堿性礦漿中進(jìn)行。
此外，將電流通入混汞作業(yè)，可以強(qiáng)化來的捕金能力，電路的陰極連接于汞的表面上能降低汞的表面張力，活躍汞的性能，提高汞對金的潤濕效果。
13如何處理汞膏?
汞膏處理一般包括汞膏分離 與洗滌、壓濾和蒸餾三個(gè)主要作業(yè)。
①汞膏分離與洗滌。從混汞板、混汞溜槽、搗礦機(jī)和混汞筒獲得的汞膏，尤其是從捕汞器和混汞筒得到的汞膏混雜有大量的重砂礦物、脈石及其他雜質(zhì),須經(jīng)分離和洗滌后才能送去壓濾。
②汞膏壓濾。汞膏壓濾作業(yè)是為了除去洗凈后的汞膏中的多余汞，以獲得濃縮的固體汞膏(硬汞膏)，故將此作業(yè)稱為壓汞。壓汞作業(yè)可用氣壓或液壓壓濾機(jī)進(jìn)行。金礦山常用螺桿壓濾機(jī)、風(fēng)動(dòng)和水力壓濾機(jī)。
③汞膏蒸餾。由于汞的氣化溫度(356C) 遠(yuǎn)低于金的熔點(diǎn)(1063C)和沸點(diǎn)(2860C)， 常用蒸餾的方法使汞膏中的汞與金進(jìn)行分離。渣漿泵
What are the two types of mixed mercury extraction of gold by slurry pump?
The mixed mercury can be divided into two types: internal mixed mercury and external mixed mercury. Internal mixed mercury refers to the extraction of gold by mixing mercury while grinding in the grinding equipment, which is used to treat high-grade ore or gravity concentrate; external mixed mercury refers to the extraction of gold by mixing mercury outside the grinding equipment, which can be used to recover part of free gold in advance in the pulse gold concentrator. After separation of mercury paste and pulp, residual mercury is extracted from liquid mercury paste and distilled from solid mercury paste to obtain black sponge gold.
12 what are the influencing factors of mixed mercury?
In the process of mixing mercury, the wetting effect of mercury on gold is affected by the size of gold and the degree of monomer dissociation, the composition of gold and mercury, the pH value of pulp medium, pulp concentration and temperature, mineral composition, as well as the process configuration, equipment and operation conditions of mixing mercury. The main influencing factors are as follows.
The size of gold and the degree of monomer dissociation. The influence of gold particle size, shape, structure and syngenetic body on the effect of mercury mixing is mainly determined by the degree of dissociation of gold particles from the minerals surrounding it, namely the grinding particle size. One of the remarkable characteristics of the operation of the mercury mixing method is to use a higher pulp concentration and a larger ore discharge particle size. Generally speaking, the particle size of gold suitable for mixed solution is - 1mm + 0. IMM, and the maximum particle size is not more than 0.15mm, which is fine and
The fine gold particles below 0.03mm are easy to lose with the pulp, but not easy to form amalgam with the mercury on the mercury plate, so the recovery rate decreases.
② composition and surface state of gold powder. In all the gold deposits, the color of ore gold is higher than that of vein gold. In vein gold, the color of gold in oxidized ore is higher than that in primary ore. The surface of pure gold is hydrophilic and hydrophobic, which is easily wetted by mercury. But natural gold often contains silver, copper, iron, nickel, lead, zinc and other impurities. The higher the content of impurities, the worse the hydrophobicity of natural gold particles, the more difficult it is to be wetted by mercury. Because the surface of fresh gold particles is most easily wetted by mercury, the gold recovery rate of internal mixed mercury is generally higher than that of external mixed mercury.
③ composition and surface state of mercury. The wetting effect of pure mercury on gold is not good. Mercury contains a small amount of gold, silver and base metals, which can reduce the surface tension of mercury and improve the wetting effect. If there are too many base metals in mercury, the wetting effect of mercury on gold will be affected by the formation of oxide film on the surface of mercury. When the content of gold in mercury is 0.1% ~ 0.2%, the process of mercury paste can be accelerated. When the content of gold and silver in mercury is 0.17%, the ability of wetting gold can be increased by 0.7 times; when the content of gold and silver reaches 5%, it can be increased by twice. When the content of lead, copper and zinc in mercury is less than 0.1%, it can promote the wettability of gold; when the content of lead, copper and zinc is more than 0.1%, it can destroy gold in alkaline medium.
④ pulp temperature and concentration. If the temperature of pulp is too low, the viscosity of pulp is large, and the surface tension is increased, the wettability of mercury on the surface of gold particles will be reduced. If the temperature of pulp is increased properly, the index of mixed Mercury will be increased, but if the temperature is too high, some Mercury will be lost with the pulp. Generally, the temperature of mercury mixing operation is above 15C.
The premise of mixing mercury is to make the gold particles contact with mercury, and the pulp concentration should not be too large when mixing mercury, generally less than 10% ~ 25%. In the grinding cycle, the concentration of the mixed mercury ore pulp should be about 50%. The pulp concentration of internal mixed mercury varies with different conditions. Generally, grinding efficiency should be considered. The pulp concentration of internal mixed mercury is generally as high as 60% - 80%. The pulp concentration of internal mixing mercury in rolling and vibrating machine is generally 30% ~ 50%.
⑤ acid content of pulp. The practice shows that the mixed mercury index is the best in the acid medium or cyanide solution (concentration is 0.05%). Because the acid medium or cyanide solution can clean the surface of gold particles and mercury, it can dissolve the oxidation clothing on the surface. But the acid medium can't make the slime agglomerate. It is impossible to eliminate slime, soluble salt, engine oil and other organic matters.
Harmful effect: in alkaline medium, it can improve the conditions of mercury mixing operation. For example, using lime as an adjusting agent can make soluble salt precipitate, eliminate the bad effects of oil quality, and also make the slime agglomerate, reduce the viscosity of the pulp. Generally, mercury mixing is carried out in weak alkaline pulp with pH of 8-8.5.
In addition, when the current is introduced into the mercury mixing operation, the ability of catching gold can be enhanced. The cathode of the circuit connected to the surface of mercury can reduce the surface tension of mercury, activate the performance of mercury, and improve the wetting effect of mercury on gold.
How to deal with mercury paste?
The treatment of mercury paste generally includes three main operations: separation and washing of mercury paste, pressure filtration and distillation.
① separation and washing of mercury paste. The mercury paste obtained from the mercury mixing plate, the mercury mixing chute, the ore rammer and the mercury mixing cylinder, especially the mercury paste obtained from the mercury catcher and the mercury mixing cylinder, is mixed with a large number of heavy minerals, gangue and other impurities, which must be separated and washed before being sent to the pressure filtration.
② mercury paste pressure filtration. The purpose of mercury paste filtration is to remove the excess mercury in the cleaned mercury paste, so as to obtain the concentrated solid mercury paste (hard mercury paste), so this operation is called mercury injection. Mercury injection can be carried out by air pressure or hydraulic filter press. Screw filter press, pneumatic filter press and hydraulic filter press are commonly used in jinjinshan.
③ distillation of mercury paste. Because the gasification temperature (356C) of mercury is far lower than the melting point (1063c) and boiling point (2860c) of gold, the common distillation method is used to separate mercury from gold. Slurry pump
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