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渣漿泵過(guò)流件什么是液氯浸出法?
液氯化法，通常又稱(chēng)為水溶液氯化法或水氯化法。此法初期采用氰水或硫酸加漂白粉的溶液從有中成功地浸出金，并用硫酸亞鐵從浸出液中沉淀出金。一般說(shuō)來(lái)， 原料中凡是王水可溶的物質(zhì)，液氰化法也可以溶解。采用液氰化法，金的浸出率比氰化法高，且氯的價(jià)格比氰化物低。
氯是一種強(qiáng)氧化劑，能與大多數(shù)元素起反應(yīng)。對(duì)金來(lái)說(shuō)，它既水氧化劑又是絡(luò)合劑。金被氯化而發(fā)生氧化并與氯離于絡(luò)合，故稱(chēng)水氯化浸出金,其化學(xué)反應(yīng)為
這一反應(yīng)是在溶液中氯濃度明顯增高的低PH條件下快速進(jìn)行的。
用于液氧化法的浸出劑主要是(濕) 氯和氯鹽。由于氯的活性
很高，不存在金粒表面被鈍化的問(wèn)題。因此，在給定的條件下，金的浸出速度很快，一般只需1~2h。這種方法更適合于處理碳質(zhì)金礦、經(jīng)酸洗過(guò)的含金礦石、銻渣、含砷精礦或礦石等。
30什么是電氯化浸出法?
在水溶液中，金可與氯化合生成易溶性氯化金，由此提出了金礦石的氯化浸出法。金礦石氯化浸出劑是氯氣。氯化浸出法的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展是利用電解氯化鈉溶液得到的氯浸出礦石中的金。應(yīng)用這種電化學(xué)浸出方法從礦石中浸出金并由溶液中析出金的方法也稱(chēng)電氯化浸出法，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)電氯化法。
在隔膜電解浸出槽中，電解氯化鈉溶液時(shí)，H+在陰極上放電析出氣態(tài)氫，CI- 在陽(yáng)極上放電析出氣態(tài)氣。在陽(yáng)極上OH-也可能放出O2。
過(guò)程產(chǎn)生的原子氯或分子氯對(duì)金都有強(qiáng)的氧化作用。氯溶解在食鹽溶液中生成次氯酸，當(dāng)溶液呈堿性時(shí)，則生成易分解的次氯酸鹽。
在金礦石電化學(xué)浸出過(guò)程中，由于食鹽點(diǎn)解，過(guò)程中消耗的氣態(tài)氯和氧得到不斷的補(bǔ)充，促使浸出反應(yīng)迅速進(jìn)行。電氯化浸出時(shí)金的溶解過(guò)程也是一種擴(kuò)散過(guò)程，金的浸出速率受攪拌強(qiáng)度和溫度影響。通常，溫度升高對(duì)金浸出有利，但是，當(dāng)溫度高于40C以后，金浸出速率就顯著降低。攪拌強(qiáng)度過(guò)大，會(huì)使氯滲透到陰極液，堿滲透到陽(yáng)極液，或使分子氯大量揮發(fā)，導(dǎo)致溶液中氧過(guò)量，造成礦石中的金部分鈍化。
31什么是 溴化浸出法?
溴與氯都是鹵族元素，它們有著比較相似的化學(xué)性質(zhì)。溴化浸
出法與氯化浸出法很相似，但它們之間也存在著一些重要的差別。單質(zhì)形式的溴是一種稠密的發(fā)煙的紅色液體， 而單質(zhì)氯則是一種氣體，并且需要大量設(shè)備來(lái)運(yùn)輸、貯存和轉(zhuǎn)換成液體。溴的一個(gè)很大優(yōu)點(diǎn)可歸結(jié)為，浸出速度快、無(wú)毒、對(duì)pH變化的適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、環(huán)保設(shè)施費(fèi)用低。
金在溴-溴化物溶液中溶解是電化學(xué)過(guò)程:
2Au十3Br2 +2Br--- > 2AuBra
在室溫下，最佳溶金區(qū)域在pH4~6,電位0.7~~0.9V。
32 什么是丙二腈法浸出金?
丙二腈(CNCH2CN)別名二氰代甲烷，無(wú)色結(jié)晶，有毒，可溶于水、醇、醚和苯，在堿性溶液中可形成陰離子:
該離子與金絡(luò)合形成Au[CH(CN)2]進(jìn)入溶液，此絡(luò)合物比金氰絡(luò)離子要大，往往超過(guò)碳質(zhì)顆粒的內(nèi)孔隙，使碳對(duì)其吸附率降低，因此用丙二腈浸出碳質(zhì)礦石中的金可達(dá)到較高的浸出率。
33什么是 生物浸出與生物氧化?
人類(lèi)有目的地采用生物技術(shù)從礦物中直接或間接提取有用金屬。根據(jù)生物作用于目的礦物的過(guò)程與結(jié)果的不同，生物對(duì)礦物的氧化過(guò)程可以分為兩類(lèi):生物浸出(Bio eching)和生物氧化CBio oidtin).生物浸出是指利用細(xì)菌對(duì)含有目的元素的礦物進(jìn)行氧化，被氧化后的目的元素以離子狀態(tài)進(jìn)入溶液中，然后對(duì)浸出的溶液近一步進(jìn)行處理， 從中提取有用元素，浸渣被玉棄。如細(xì)菌對(duì)銅、鋅、鈾、鎳、鉆等硫化礦物的氧化，即屬于生物浸出。生物氧化是指利用細(xì)菌對(duì)包裹目的礦物(或元素)的非目的礦物進(jìn)行氧化，被氧化后的非目的礦物以離子狀態(tài)進(jìn)入溶液中，溶液被丟棄處理，而目的可物(成元素)或被解離，或呈裸露狀態(tài)仍留存于氧化 渣漿泵
What is the liquid chlorine leaching method for the overflow part of slurry pump?
Liquid chlorination, also known as water solution chlorination or water chlorination. In the initial stage of this method, gold was successfully leached from the solution with cyanogen water or sulfuric acid plus bleaching powder, and gold was precipitated from the leached solution with ferrous sulfate. Generally speaking, all the substances soluble in aqua regia in raw materials can also be dissolved by liquid cyanidation. The leaching rate of gold is higher and the price of chlorine is lower than that of cyanide.
Chlorine is a strong oxidant and can react with most elements. For gold, it is both a water oxidizer and a complexing agent. Gold is oxidized by chlorination and complexed with chlorine, so it is called water chlorination leaching gold. Its chemical reaction is
The reaction was carried out rapidly under the condition of low pH, when the concentration of chlorine in the solution increased obviously.
The main leachables used in liquid oxidation are (wet) chlorine and chloride salts. Because of the activity of chlorine
Very high, there is no passivation problem on the surface of gold particles. Therefore, under the given conditions, the leaching rate of gold is very fast, generally only 1 ~ 2H. This method is more suitable for the treatment of carbonaceous gold ore, acid washed gold bearing ore, antimony slag, arsenic bearing concentrate or ore.
What is electrochlorination leaching?
In aqueous solution, gold can be combined with chlorination to form soluble gold chloride, thus a chlorination leaching method of gold ore is proposed. Chlorine is the leaching agent of gold ore. The further development of chloride leaching is the leaching of gold from ores by chlorine obtained from electrolytic sodium chloride solution. This electrochemical leaching method is also called electrochlorination leaching method, which leaches gold from ore and leaches gold from solution.
When electrolyzing sodium chloride solution in the membrane electrolyzer, H + discharges gaseous hydrogen on the cathode, and CI - discharges gaseous gas on the anode. Oh - may also release O2 on the anode.
The atomic chlorine or molecular chlorine produced in the process has strong oxidation effect on gold. Chlorine dissolves in the salt solution to form hypochlorite. When the solution is alkaline, it will form hypochlorite which is easy to decompose.
In the process of electrochemical leaching of gold ores, the gaseous chlorine and oxygen consumed in the process are continuously supplemented due to the salt spot decomposition, which promotes the leaching reaction to proceed rapidly. The dissolution process of gold is also a diffusion process. The leaching rate of gold is affected by stirring intensity and temperature. Generally, the increase of temperature is favorable for gold leaching, but when the temperature is higher than 40C, the gold leaching rate will be significantly reduced. If the stirring intensity is too high, chlorine will permeate the cathode liquid, alkali will permeate the anode liquid, or a large amount of molecular chlorine will volatilize, resulting in excessive oxygen in the solution and passivation of gold in the ore.
What is bromination leaching?
Bromine and chlorine are both halogens. They have similar chemical properties. Bromination
The extraction method is similar to the chlorination leaching method, but there are some important differences between them. Bromine in its elemental form is a dense, smoky red liquid, while chlorine in its elemental form is a gas and requires a large number of equipment to transport, store and convert it into a liquid. A great advantage of bromine can be attributed to its fast leaching speed, innocuity, strong adaptability to pH change and low cost of environmental protection facilities.
The dissolution of gold in bromine bromide solution is an electrochemical process
2au x 3Br2 + 2Br --- > 2aubra
At room temperature, the best gold dissolving region is pH 4 ~ 6, potential 0.7 ~ ~ 0.9V.
What is the leaching of gold by propionitrile?
Cnch2cn, also known as Cyanomethane, is colorless, crystalline, toxic, soluble in water, alcohol, ether and benzene, and can form anions in alkaline solutions
This complex is larger than that of gold cyanogen complex, which often exceeds the internal pores of carbonaceous particles and reduces the adsorption rate of carbon. Therefore, the leaching rate of gold from carbonaceous ores by malondionitrile can be higher.
What is bioleaching and biooxidation?
Human beings purposefully use biotechnology to extract useful metals directly or indirectly from minerals. According to the different processes and results of biological action on the target minerals, the biological oxidation processes of minerals can be divided into two categories: bioleaching and biooxidation CBIO oidin. Bioleaching refers to the use of bacteria to oxidize the minerals containing the target elements, the target elements after being oxygenated enter the solution in the form of ions, and then the leached solution is treated in the next step The useful elements are extracted from it and the dregs are discarded by jade. For example, the oxidation of sulfide minerals such as copper, zinc, uranium, nickel and diamond by bacteria belongs to bioleaching. Biological oxidation refers to the use of bacteria to oxidize the non-target minerals (or elements) that surround the target minerals. After being oxidized, the non-target minerals enter the solution in an ionic state, and the solution is discarded for treatment, while the target minerals (as elements) are dissociated, or remain in the exposed state in the oxidation slag slurry pump
